Prometheus

Introduction

Prometheus is an open-source tool written in Go language used for monitoring real-time services and collecting metrics in a time-series database. Prometheus uses visualization tools like Grafana, which uses PromQL, a flexible query language to fetch data for monitoring and analysis.

Prerequisites

1.Deploy a fully updated Vultr Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

2.At least 2GB of RAM and 1 vCPU

3.SSH access with sudo privileges

Update the System

Update the apt package list to prepare the system for further installations.

$ sudo apt update

Download and Install Prometheus

Download the Prometheus release package.

$ wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.27.1/prometheus-2.27.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

Extract the downloaded archive.

$ tar xvf prometheus-2.27.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

Change directory to the extracted archive.

$ cd prometheus-2.27.1.linux-amd64

Create the configuration file directory.

$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/prometheus

Create the data directory.

$ sudo mkdir -p /opt/prometheus/prometheus-data

Move the binary files prometheus and promtool to /usr/local/bin/.

$ sudo mv prometheus promtool /usr/local/bin/

Move console files in console directory and library files in console_libraries directory to /etc/prometheus/ directory.

$ sudo mv consoles/ console_libraries/ /etc/prometheus/

Move the template configuration file prometheus.yml to /etc/prometheus/ directory

$ sudo mv prometheus.yml /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml

Verify the installed version of Prometheus.

$ prometheus --version

Verify the installed version of promtool.

$ promtool --version

Configure System Group and User

Create a prometheus group.

$ sudo groupadd --system prometheus

Create a user prometheus and assign it to the created prometheus group.

$ sudo useradd -s /sbin/nologin --system -g prometheus prometheus

Set the ownership of Prometheus files and data directories to the prometheus group and user.

$ sudo chown -R prometheus:prometheus /etc/prometheus/  /var/lib/prometheus/

$ sudo chmod -R 775 /etc/prometheus/ /var/lib/prometheus/

Configure Systemd Service

Create a systemd service file for Prometheus to start at boot time.

$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service

Add the following lines to the file and save it:

[Unit]
Description=Prometheus
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
User=prometheus
Group=prometheus
Restart=always
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/prometheus \
    --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
    --storage.tsdb.path=/var/lib/prometheus/ \
    --web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles \
    --web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries \
    --web.listen-address=0.0.0.0:9090

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Start the Prometheus service.

$ sudo systemctl start prometheus

Enable the Prometheus service to run at system startup.

$ sudo systemctl enable prometheus

Check the status of the Prometheus service.

$ sudo systemctl status prometheus

Access Your Server

Access the Prometheus interface through your browser at port 9090. For example:

http://ip address:9090